The Oculorotary Muscles
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Intramuscular innervation of primate extraocular muscles: unique compartmentalization in horizontal recti.
PURPOSE It has been proposed that the lateral rectus (LR), like many skeletal and craniofacial muscles, comprises multiple neuromuscular compartments subserving different physiological functions. To explore the anatomic potential of compartmentalization in all four rectus extraocular muscles (EOMs), evidence was sought of possible regional selectivity in intramuscular innervation of all rectus ...
متن کاملCompartmentalized innervation of primate lateral rectus muscle.
PURPOSE Skeletal and craniofacial muscles are frequently composed of multiple neuromuscular compartments that serve different physiological functions. Evidence of possible regional selectivity in LR intramuscular innervation was sought in a study of the anatomic potential of lateral rectus (LR) muscle compartmentalization. METHODS Whole orbits of two humans and five macaque monkeys were seria...
متن کاملMotor nucleus activity fails to predict extraocular muscle forces in ocular convergence.
For a given eye position, firing rates of abducens neurons (ABNs) generally (Mays et al. 1984), and lateral rectus (LR) motoneurons (MNs) in particular (Gamlin et al. 1989a), are higher in converged gaze than when convergence is relaxed, whereas LR and medial rectus (MR) muscle forces are slightly lower (Miller et al. 2002). Here, we confirm this finding for ABNs, report a similarly paradoxical...
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Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the symmetry of the isometric strength of the shoulder and scapulothoracic muscles in volleyball and futsal athletes. Methods: In this case-control study, the strength of the scapulothoracic muscles and rotation of the shoulders in 20 adult volleyball athletes and 20 futsal adult athletes, who were randomly selected from sports clubs around Tehran, were me...
متن کاملInvestigation of the Lifting Speed on Lumber Muscles Activities
Purpose: Low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders, and lifting is one of its risk factors. The activities of lumbar muscles as the main muscles involved in lifting are important with regard to identification of the allowable limits and the injury mechanisms as well as the motor control aspects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the lifting speed on the lumb...
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